1.1.4-+Early+Economic+Structures

=1.1.4- Early Economic Structures= By: Emily Mertz

__The Basic Gist:__

When:
 * The time periods are different for every location because humans developed at different times in different locations.
 * General time periods: [[image:Paleolithic_and_Neolithic_Sites_Map.jpg width="515" height="367" align="right" caption="Paleolithic and Neolithic Sites Map" link="http://%20http//www.google.com/imgres?um=1&hl=en&safe=active&sa=N&rlz=1B3GGLL_en___US400&biw=1600&bih=686&tbm=isch&tbnid=_9d1x7AD7aLWsM:&imgrefurl=http://www.wadsworth.com/religion_d/special_features/popups/maps/schmidt_patterns/content/map_04.html&docid=_gCAcOpawSlUAM&w=1166&h=795&ei=v7ePTvqxCqrl0QHzqJg3&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=191&vpy=166&dur=1039&hovh=185&hovw=272&tx=87&ty=76&page=1&tbnh=145&tbnw=213&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0%20"]]
 * Paleolithic Era: “Old Stone Age” 1,900,000 to 10,000 B.C.E.
 * Upper: 2,000,000 to 100,000 B.C.E.
 * Middle: 100,000 to 30,000 B.C.E.
 * Lower: 30,000 to 10,000 B.C.E.
 * Neolithic Era: “New Stone Age” 9,500 to 2,500 B.C.E.
 * Agricultural Revolution: 8,000 B.C.E. to 3,000 B.C.E.

Where:
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Wherever human population existed
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Humans populated every continent except Antarctica
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">There were particularly concentrated amounts of humans in:
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Africa, Europe, Australia, Asia, and the Americas during the <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1c4587; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Paleolithic Era
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Fertile Crescent, Southern Mesopotamia, North Africa, Europe, The Americas, and South and East Asia during the <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1c4587; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Neolithic Era

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Consolas; font-size: 32px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Who:
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Humans living alongside other humans
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1c4587; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Paleolithic Era:
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">//Homo Erectus// first emerged at the beginning of this era
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Early human groups of this era consisted of
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Nomads
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Foraging societies
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Pastoral societies
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1c4587; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Neolithic Era:
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Early human groups of this era are made up of humans staying in the same area, living in cities and towns

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Consolas; font-size: 32px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">What: ===<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 18.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">An **<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #cc0000; font-family: Droid Serif; font-size: 18.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">economy **<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 18.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">is the wealth and resources of a country or region, especially in terms of the production and consumption of goods and services. === >>> ==
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 18.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1c4587; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Paleolithic Economy: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Based on archaeological artifacts including animal bones, lithic tools, and plant and fruit remains, scientists accept the economy of paleolithic people to be:
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Hunters and Gatherers
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Hunted animals and birds
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 18.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Bears, cave lions, rhinoceros, mammoths, horses, wolves, deer, chamois, wild bulls, pigs, donkeys, small mammals (including badgers, beavers, and weasels), rodents, <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #e06666; font-family: Comic Sans MS; font-size: 18.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">[[image:Xiphactinus.amnh.gif width="359" height="125" align="right" caption="Paleolithic Fish" link="http://www.google.com/imgres?um=1&hl=en&safe=active&rlz=1B3GGLL_en___US400&biw=1600&bih=686&tbm=isch&tbnid=jt1-SQdBMwfF0M:&imgrefurl=http://www.newyorkology.com/archives/2007/11/phishing_alert_1.php&docid=4rbDzvrGvGZm2M&w=432&h=153&ei=IbCPTrywLarb0QH6iKg_&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=545&vpy=194&dur=5211&hovh=122&hovw=345&tx=159&ty=81&page=1&tbnh=74&tbnw=208&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:0"]] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> birds, fish, land and marine gastropods
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Used stone or antler tools
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Primarily flint and quartz stone tools were used
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Gathered herbs and fruits
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Stone (flint and quartz) or antler tools
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">used to process foods
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Hunted and gathered either in groups or individually
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Worked fewer hours to meet needs than later human groups, such as agricultural and industrial societies
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Humans moved around, had little possessions, and had no permanent homes
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Pastoral Societies
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">People living in societies began to domesticate animals
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Because animals constantly need to be moved to new grazing and water areas, humans in pastoral societies did not live in towns
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">People used small-scale agriculture to supplement the main food supply of animal products
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Humans had very little possessions
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Social status was based on the size of one’s herd
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 18.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">At the end of the <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1c4587; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Paleolithic Era <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">,people began to domesticate more animals and learn to cultivate plants which led to the <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1c4587; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Neolithic Era <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">.
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1c4587; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Neolithic Economy:
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Neolithic Revolution: People learned how to cultivate crops, and domesticate animals which allowed them to stay in the same place
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Agriculture was based on cultivation of cereals and pulses
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Animal husbandry was based on rearing animals such as goats, sheep, cattle, and pigs
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Hunting and fishing played a secondary role in the economy
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Pottery, weaving, and basketry became necessary to store food
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">There began to be a new emphasis on manipulating and increasing production of products within the economy, including food
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Humans begin to lead agricultural lifestyles and live in cities
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Neolithic cities are still relatively small, made up of independent groups and communities
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Humans began to feel a sense of ownership in terms of land
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Cultural traditions began to form and shape the human way of life

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Consolas; font-size: 32px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">How:
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1c4587; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Paleolithic Economy:
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Hunting was possible because hunters were aware of the seasonal movement of animals, which therefore enabled them to track the animals year round
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">They had important rules and structures
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Gender-based division of labor
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Men were hunters
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Women were laborers
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Rules about distribution
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Food was shared evenly, which allowed for more people to survive
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Rules about who could hunt in particular territories
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 18.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Helped regulate economic activity <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 18.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">.
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1c4587; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Neolithic Economy:
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Humans have more control of their food source, which allows them to stay in the same place
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Staying in the same place began to change the way humans thought
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Humans no longer had to worry about survival as intensely as previous eras
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Because people spent less time farming, a more elaborate economy began to form
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Specialization arose, and humans had time to:
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Build towns and other structures, develop writing systems, create art, discover new technologies, and organize armies

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Consolas; font-size: 32px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Why:
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1c4587; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Paleolithic Economy:
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 18.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Why Hunters & Gatherers?
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Survival
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 18.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Life was completely centered around finding food, water, and shelter [[image:paleolithic.jpg width="224" height="338" align="right" caption="Paleolithic Hunters" link="http://www.google.com/imgres?num=10&um=1&hl=en&safe=active&rlz=1B3GGLL_en___US400&biw=1600&bih=686&tbm=isch&tbnid=Fgvlc0vGosAbfM:&imgrefurl=http://www.huntfor.com/arthistory/prehistoric/paleolithic.htm&docid=CPXTPGYcc57PSM&w=160&h=246&ei=PSaOTt3lLsbL0QGMp_E6&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=435&vpy=331&dur=1651&hovh=196&hovw=128&tx=71&ty=215&sqi=2&page=1&tbnh=158&tbnw=111&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:8,s:0%20"]]
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Life in the wild was very dangerous
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Climate changes, famine, disease, and natural disasters could destroy entire civilizations
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Humans had little time to do anything more than survive
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Had to keep moving because nature is inconsistent
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Life expectancy was only 35
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Early death meant humans helped hunt and gather food at an early age
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Considered to be “the original affluent society” by many scholars because they wanted and needed far less than in later eras
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">This is because their sole purpose was survival.
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 18.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Why Pastoral Societies?
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Pastoral Societies were often found in mountains and in areas with little rainfall, where the other nomadic forms of living were not as supportive
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Pastoral societies allowed humans to have a more stable source of food
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1c4587; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Neolithic Economy:
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 18.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Why Permanent Towns and Cities?
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Humans understand that living in the same place, using cultivation of crops and domestication of animals, will ensure a longer, and less dangerous life
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Humans are able to expand their purpose
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Their sole purpose in life is no longer to simply survive
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Humans are able to have specialization
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #5b0f00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Economies are able to be more structured, more organized, more elaborate, and be more successful

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #e06666; font-family: Arial; font-size: 32px; vertical-align: baseline;">__Case Study:__ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #a61c00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 18.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Paleolithic Japan <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #85200c; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">35,000 to 14,000 B.C.E.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Ancient artifacts that have been found in present day Japan reveal that over 16,000 years ago, early groups of people lived in Japan during the paleolithic era. While scientists are not able to infer anything about this ancient civilization’s culture, language, religion, or ethnicity from these artifacts, they are able to conclude a great deal about the economies and general lifestyles of these paleolithic people. Because of artifacts such as cooking stones and arrowheads, scientists have been able to conclude that humans that lived in Japan during the <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1c4587; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Paleolithic Era <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> had a hunter and gatherer based economy, and humans of that time lived in caves or covered pits and had a basic knowledge of fire.The humans would migrate in search of better hunting and gathering opportunities, and would eventually adopt more advanced hunting and fishing techniques. For example, they eventually developed bow and arrows for hunting, and traps to catch fish such as the Yana trap to catch Ayu fish. The Paleolithic inhabitants of Japan are excellent examples of the hunting and gathering economies of Paleolithic people.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #85200c; font-family: Arial; font-size: 32px; vertical-align: baseline;">__Final Summary:__

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">During the paleolithic and neolithic eras, economic structures began to arise in early human groups on every continent except Antarctica, which was too cold to efficiently sustain human life. The paleolithic era consisted of pastoral and foraging societies, both with economies centered on finding food for survival. The economy of foraging societies was based on hunting animals and birds, and the gathering of herbs and fruits. Within paleolithic society, men were mostly hunters, while women were mostly gatherers. Pastoral societies had an economy that was based on the domestication of animals. After the paleolithic era ended, the neolithic era began, consisting of the first agricultural and city lifestyles. The economy of the early neolithic people was based on the domestication of animals, and the cultivation of cereal and pulse crops. The technological advances in this era allowed for the economy to have specialization, including developments in military and the forming of religions. Overall, the economies of the paleolithic and early Neolithic eras were centered around the basic human needs of survival. A great deal of art from the paleolithic era are drawings of animals, which shows how important hunting was to the economies of early groups. These early economies are very important to the big picture of history because the intellectual and technological developments made in the paleolithic and neolithic eras created a basis for ideas that would evolve and strengthen with every century. Without the developments made in the economies of early world groups, our own economy would not be nearly as successful as it is today.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #430b00; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14.6667px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Bibliography:

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 * [|http://www.google.com/imgres?um=1&hl=en][|&safe=active&rlz=1B3GGLL_en___US400&biw=1600&bih=686&tbm=isch&tbnid=jt1-SQdBMwfF0M:&imgrefurl=http://www.newyorkology.com/archives/2007/11/phishing_alert_1.php&docid=4rbDzvrGvGZm2M&w=432&h=153&ei=IbCPTrywLarb0QH6iKg_&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=545&vpy=194&dur=5211&hovh=122&hovw=345&tx=159&ty=81&page=1&tbnh=74&tbnw=208&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:0]
 * http://www.google.com/imgres?um=1&hl=en&safe=active&sa=N&rlz=1B3GGLL_en___US400&biw=1600&bih=686&tbm=isch&tbnid=_9d1x7AD7aLWsM:&imgrefurl=http://www.wadsworth.com/religion_d/special_features/popups/maps/schmidt_patterns/content/map_04.html&docid=_gCAcOpawSlUAM&w=1166&h=795&ei=v7ePTvqxCqrl0QHzqJg3&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=191&vpy=166&dur=1039&hovh=185&hovw=272&tx=87&ty=76&page=1&tbnh=145&tbnw=213&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0

Research <span class="wiki_link_ext">Websites:

<span class="wiki_link_ext">Books:
 * "Neolithic Economy." //FHW//. Eurobank, n.d. Web. 7 Oct. 2011. <http://www.ime.gr/chronos/01/en/nl/economy/index.html>.
 * Kime, A.O. "Stone Age Timelines." //Matrix of Mnemosyne//. Matrix Bookstore, n.d. Web. 7 Oct. 2011. <http://www.matrixbookstore.biz/history_timelines.htm>.
 * Rayment, W.J. "Paleolithic Age." //In Depth Info//. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 Oct. 2011. <http://www.indepthinfo.com/history-ancient/paleolithic-age.htm>.
 * [|Www.google.com]
 * [|www.wikipedia.com]
 * Murphy, Declan. "Japan in the Paleolithic Era." //Japanese History Online//. Yamasa, n.d. Web. 7 Oct. 2011. <Rayment, W.J. "Paleolithic Age." In Depth Info. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 Oct. 2011. <http://www.indepthinfo.com/history-ancient/paleolithic-age.htm>.>.
 * <span class="wiki_link_ext">Ways of the World by Robert W. Strayer
 * <span class="wiki_link_ext">Cracking the AP World History Exam 2012 by the Princeton Review